22-TEMPLATE

模板模式 #

• 描述 #

  在模板模式（Template Pattern）中，一个抽象类公开定义了执行它的方法的方式/模板。它的子类可以按需要重写方法实现，但调用将以抽象类中定义的方式进行。这种类型的设计模式属于行为型模式。

• UML #

• 代码实现 #

  public class Main {
      public static void main(String[] args) {
  
          Game game = new Cricket();
          game.play();
  
          game = new Football();
          game.play();
      }
  }
  

  Game.java

  public abstract class Game {
      abstract void initialize();
      abstract void startPlay();
      abstract void endPlay();
      //模板
      public final void play(){
          //初始化游戏
          initialize();
          //开始游戏
          startPlay();
          //结束游戏
          endPlay();
      }
  }
  

  Cricket.java

  public class Cricket extends Game {
  
      @Override
      void endPlay() {
          System.out.println("Cricket Game Finished!");
      }
  
      @Override
      void initialize() {
          System.out.println("Cricket Game Initialized! Start playing.");
      }
  
      @Override
      void startPlay() {
          System.out.println("Cricket Game Started. Enjoy the game!");
      }
  }
  

  Football.java

  public class Football extends Game {
  
      @Override
      void endPlay() {
          System.out.println("Football Game Finished!");
      }
  
      @Override
      void initialize() {
          System.out.println("Football Game Initialized! Start playing.");
      }
  
      @Override
      void startPlay() {
          System.out.println("Football Game Started. Enjoy the game!");
      }
  }
  

  

• Reference #

  • https://www.runoob.com/design-pattern/template-pattern.html